Roman Numeral Converter
Convert numbers to Roman numerals or Roman numerals back to numbers. Supports 1 to 3,999.
Breakdown
Common examples
Roman numeral symbols
How Roman numerals work
- Additive: Symbols are added left to right — VIII = 5 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 8.
- Subtractive: A smaller symbol before a larger one subtracts — IV = 5 − 1 = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900.
- No more than 3 repeats: A symbol can appear at most 3 times in a row — III is valid, IIII is not.
- Range: Standard Roman numerals cover 1 to 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX).
Frequently Asked Questions
What is 2024 in Roman numerals?↓
2024 in Roman numerals is MMXXIV. Breaking it down: MM = 2000, XX = 20, IV = 4. So 2000 + 20 + 4 = 2024.
What is XLII in numbers?↓
XLII is 42. XL = 40 (L minus X, subtractive notation) and II = 2, so 40 + 2 = 42.
How do Roman numerals work?↓
Roman numerals use seven symbols: I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000. Symbols are generally written largest to smallest left to right and added together (VIII = 8). When a smaller symbol appears before a larger one, it is subtracted (IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900). No symbol may be repeated more than three times in a row.
What is 1776 in Roman numerals?↓
1776 in Roman numerals is MDCCLXXVI. M=1000, D=500, CC=200, L=50, XX=20, V=5, I=1. So 1000 + 500 + 200 + 50 + 20 + 5 + 1 = 1776.
What is the largest Roman numeral?↓
The largest standard Roman numeral is 3,999, written as MMMCMXCIX. Standard Roman numerals cannot represent 4,000 or higher because the symbol M cannot be repeated more than three times and there is no standard symbol for 4,000 or 5,000 in common use.
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